abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of gentamicin were studied after total hip joint arthroplasties in 2 groups of 10 patients. The prosthesis was performed in the first group with 'Palacos R plus gentamicin' (normal viscosity), manufactured by Schering, and in the second group with 'Cerafix genta R' (low viscosity) manufactured by ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Bunetel L,Segui A,Cormier M,Langlais F

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ketoprofen, a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the 2-arylpropionic acid class, has been used clinically for over 15 years in Europe, and has recently been introduced in the United States. Although it possesses a chiral centre, with only the S-enantiomer possessing beneficial pharmacological activi...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Jamali F,Brocks DR

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Part I of this article, which appeared in the previous issue of the Journal, covered the following agents: histamine H2-receptor antagonists (cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine); muscarinic-M1-receptor antagonists (pirenzepine); proton pump inhibitors (omeprazole); site-protective agents (colloidal bismuth...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Lauritsen K,Laursen LS,Rask-Madsen J

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most of the currently available psychotropic drugs form 1 or more active metabolites during in vivo biotransformation in humans and/or animals. In some cases these metabolites are rapidly conjugated and excreted, but in others they attain blood and/or brain concentrations within the same range as, or even higher than,...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Caccia S,Garattini S

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Various pharmacokinetic models, both simple and complex, have been developed to describe the way in which the rate of hepatic elimination of drugs depends on hepatic blood flow, hepatic intrinsic clearance and unbound fraction of drug in blood. A model is necessary because it is not possible to measure the average blo...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Morgan DJ,Smallwood RA

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Haloperidol has been used extensively for the treatment of psychotic disorders, and it has been suggested that the monitoring of plasma haloperidol concentration is clinically useful. Different assay methodologies have been used in research and clinical practice to examine the relationship between response and plasma ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Froemming JS,Lam YW,Jann MW,Davis CM

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:5-Fluorouracil, first introduced as a rationally synthesized anticancer agent 30 years ago, continues to be widely used in the management of several common malignancies including cancer of the colon, breast and skin. This drug, an analogue of the naturally occurring pyrimidine uracil, is metabolised via the same metab...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Diasio RB,Harris BE

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics and cardiovascular effects of the calcium entry blocker nisoldipine (10 mg twice daily) were studied in 6 patients with renal failure (creatinine clearance 23 +/- 9 ml/min) and 6 healthy control subjects after a single dose and 1 week of oral administration. No significant differences in eliminati...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： van Harten J,Burggraaf J,van Brummelen P,Breimer DD

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Routine use of therapeutic drug monitoring in children is helpful in individualizing the dosage during long term treatment (e.g. theophylline and antiepileptic drugs) and in checking against toxic accumulation of drug in neonates (e.g. digoxin, theophylline/caffeine and aminoglycoside antibiotics). In individual patie...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Boréus LO

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Doxycycline and minocycline are second-generation tetracyclines. They are readily absorbed, distributed throughout the organism as a function of their lipophilicity and eliminated in both the urine and the faeces. The influence of age, renal disease, malnutrition and hyperlipidaemia is reviewed, together with the main...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Saivin S,Houin G

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The critically ill patient occupies an increasing amount of time and bed space in modern hospital practice, and also commands increasing expenditure. Drug therapy in these patients has, in the past, been based on data derived from healthy volunteers, fit anaesthetised patients undergoing minor operative procedures, or...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Bodenham A,Shelly MP,Park GR

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics and antihypertensive effects of felodipine, a new dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, were studied in elderly hypertensive patients, 67 to 79 years of age and in young healthy subjects, 20 to 34 years of age following oral administration of 5 mg twice daily to steady-state. A single intraveno...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Landahl S,Edgar B,Gabrielsson M,Larsson M,Lernfelt B,Lundborg P,Regårdh CG

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rational pharmacotherapy is dependent upon an understanding of the clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drugs employed. Although the available data on drug biodisposition and action in the neonate have increased considerably in the last few years, pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interactions ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Besunder JB,Reed MD,Blumer JL

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapeutic drug monitoring is now widely used in many areas of medicine. With its proliferation has come an understanding of the clinical situations in which it is likely to be of value. Factors that can limit the usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring and situations where it is less likely to be of benefit have a...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Moore MJ,Erlichman C

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Beta-adrenoceptor antagonists are among the most commonly prescribed classes of drugs. They are indicated for the treatment of diseases such as hypertension and angina pectoris, in which long term therapy is often required. Since many beta-adrenoceptor antagonists have short plasma elimination half-lives, divided dail...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Nace GS,Wood AJ

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of a wide variety of anionic, cationic, and neutral drugs to bind in a reversible manner to plasma proteins has long been recognised. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are distinguished as a class by the high degree to which they bind to plasma protein. Plasma protein binding properties are pr...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Lin JH,Cocchetto DM,Duggan DE

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interpatient pharmacokinetic variability normally observed in adults is often of even greater magnitude in paediatric patients because of age-related maturation of physiological processes responsible for drug disposition. Several antineoplastic agents have shown age-related changes, including alterations in volume of ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Crom WR,Glynn-Barnhart AM,Rodman JH,Teresi ME,Kavanagh RE,Christensen ML,Relling MV,Evans WE

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of cephradine, a cephalosporin with a low degree of protein binding, was studied in 12 women after oral and intravenous administration of the drug during and after pregnancy. Six of the 12 women also received a cephalosporin with a high degree of protein binding, cefazolin, intravenously during an...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Philipson A,Stiernstedt G,Ehrnebo M

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of oral morphine sulphate as controlled release tablets ('MS-Contin') and solution were compared at steady-state. Plasma morphine concentrations were determined over 24 hours following the last dose of each drug when given in a randomised, crossover fashion to healthy subjects. Radioimmunoassay wa...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Savarese JJ,Goldenheim PD,Thomas GB,Kaiko RF

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the use of combination chemotherapy as well as a wide range of symptomatic therapies (e.g. analgesics and antiemetics) for the treatment of patients with cancer, the field of oncology practises polypharmacy to an extreme degree. The risk for a drug interaction under these conditions is high, and the pharmacologic...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Balis FM

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antipyrine pharmacokinetics were studied in 6 healthy women before and 2, 8 and 12 weeks after administering the injectable progestagen (progestin), norethisterone (norethindrone) enanthate 200mg intramuscularly. Additionally, antipyrine kinetics in 5 women who had previously used the injectable contraceptive for 8 to...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Joshi JV,Gupta KC,Hazari KT,Gokral J,Pohujani S,Satoskar R

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last 15 years the role of opioids in anaesthesia management has undergone dramatic change. Initially used as premedicants, or adjuvants to inhalation anaesthetic agents or as analgesics for postoperative pain relief, narcotics have now evolved into primary anaesthetic agents, primarily because of their ability ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Davis PJ,Cook DR

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The steady-state plasma concentrations of antipsychotic drugs show large interpatient variations but remain relatively stable from day to day in each individual patient. Monitoring of antipsychotic drug concentrations in plasma might be of value provided the patients are treated with only 1 antipsychotic drug. Some st...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Dahl SG

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetic effect of extracorporeal elimination can be evaluated from the extracorporeal elimination rate constant, from the amount of drug removed, and from extracorporeal clearance. To compare the validity of these approaches in clinical practice, the effect of multiple plasma exchanges on the steady-state ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Keller F,Kreutz G,Vöhringer HF,Offermann G,Distler A

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For the past 300 years antimalarial dosage regimens have not been based on pharmacokinetic information. However, now that this information is available, it is appropriate to examine current recommendations for prophylaxis and treatment. In healthy subjects, the cinchona alkaloids (quinine and quinidine), primaquine an...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： White NJ

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of salicylates in rheumatic diseases has been established for over 100 years. The more recent recognition of their modification of platelet and endothelial cell function has lead to their use in other areas of medicine. Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is still the most commonly used salicylate. After oral admin...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Needs CJ,Brooks PM

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Serum concentration measurements of antibacterial agents are increasingly used to optimise drug dosage regimens. However, this approach is only justified for drugs with a low therapeutic index and poor predictability of serum concentrations, such as the aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol and vancomycin, whereas the peni...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Wenk M,Vozeh S,Follath F

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since up to 90% of a theophylline dose is biotransformed, drugs influencing microsomal enzyme systems in the liver may affect the elimination of theophylline. Other integrated mechanisms (e.g. hepatic uptake) may also be altered by concurrent administration of other drugs. Whatever the mechanism, the interaction may b...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Jonkman JH,Upton RA

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the drug therapy of cardiac emergencies, it is necessary to rapidly achieve therapeutic drug concentrations and adjust drug dose as the patient's clinical status changes. Cardiac dysfunction is often present and may alter drug pharmacokinetics. Circulatory failure causes sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction in...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Pentel P,Benowitz N

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex-related differences in the disposition of some analgesics, anxiolytics and hypnotics have recently been reported. With certain benzodiazepines, sex has been shown to be a more important determinant of variability in drug disposition than age, while with other benzodiazepines an age-related decline in clearance was...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Wilson K

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amiodarone is an iodinated benzofuran derivative with recognised antiarrhythmic activity in man. As yet, its pharmacokinetic behaviour has not been satisfactorily characterised. Specific and sensitive high-pressure liquid chromatographic methods have become available only recently and this partly explains the scarcity...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Latini R,Tognoni G,Kates RE

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:First-pass elimination takes place when a drug is metabolised between its site of administration and the site of sampling for measurement of drug concentration. Clinically, first-pass metabolism is important when the fraction of the dose administered that escapes metabolism is small and variable. The liver is usually ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Pond SM,Tozer TN

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of a new multiple-dose non-linear regression analysis program to predict steady-state aminoglycoside peak and trough serum concentrations was evaluated. 30 patients receiving either amikacin (7), gentamicin (10) or tobramycin (13) were studied. A standard method of prediction which requires the collection ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Koup JR,Killen T,Bauer LA

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of dothiepin were evaluated in 9 depressed patients following a single oral dose of 75 mg. Blood and plasma concentrations of dothiepin and 2 major metabolites, northiaden and dothiepin S-oxide, were measured by gas chromatography/mass fragmentography. The mean (+/-SD) peak plasma concentrations o...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Maguire KP,Norman TR,McIntyre I,Burrows GD

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measurement of drug levels is becoming increasingly popular to optimise the dosage of various drugs. In the case of antiarrhythmic drugs, the narrow therapeutic margin of most of these agents and a direct relationship between their pharmacological effects and plasma concentrations would justify more widespread use of ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Follath F,Ganzinger U,Schuetz E

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following administration of equivalent oral doses (30mg) of either prednisone or prednisolone to 5 patients with chronic active liver disease who had failed to respond to therapy, 5 patients with chronic active liver disease in remission induced by prednisone, and 7 healthy volunteers, corticosteroid concentrations we...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Uribe M,Summerskill WH,Go VL

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of anaesthesia and surgery on the pharmacokinetics of ketobemidone were studied in 12 patients. Plasma ketobemidone concentrations were assayed with a mass-fragmentographic method. The peroperative Vd(area) was 5.9 +/- 2.6L/kg and the terminal half-life was 3.9 +/- 1.7 h. In the postoperative period Vd(are...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Tamsen A,Bondesson U,Dahlström B,Hartvig P

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of anaesthesia and surgery on the pharmacokinetics of pethidine (meperidine) was studied in 12 patients. Plasma pethidine concentrations in central venous blood collected during anaesthesia and the ensuing postoperative hours were by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Postoperative analg...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Tamsen A,Hartvig P,Fagerlund C,Dahlström B

更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The half-life and metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of antipyrine and phenytoin were determined in 14 young (mean age: 28.8 +/- 8.3 (SD) years] and in 14 elderly [mean age: 83.5 +/- 7.1 (SD) years] subjects and correlated with liver volume, which was determined by ultrasonic scanning, to see if an age-dependent differenc...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Bach B,Hansen JM,Kampmann JP,Rasmussen SN,Skovsted L

更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:25 patients with different degrees of chronic stable renal failure received oral treatment with cimetidine over 6 days and a final dose in the morning of day 7. The doses of cimetidine were reduced according to the degree of renal failure. Plasma concentrations of cimetidine were determined before the morning dose on ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Larsson R,Norlander B,Bodemar G,Walan A

更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00